Rotary gas engine



July 8, 1930. A. BLACKN'IAN ROTARY GAS ENGINE 3 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 22, 1928 A. BLACKMAN July 8, 1930.

ROTARY GAS ENGINE Filed June 22, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 E M R i 4. h Q Q w r. @v m .m\ mm a N w/ 7 N\\\\ Y w 3 ms Q m .T. M k w Q ATTORNEY WITNESS:

A. BLACKMAN Jul 8, 1930.

ROTARY GAS ENGINE Filed June 22, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ATTORNEY WITNESS:

Patented ,Julj s, 1930 UNITED, STATES 'HPATENT' OFFICE v ALEXANDERjBLACKMAN, OF PENSACOLA, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR TO PATENT FINANCE HOLDING GOMPANY,..A CORPORATION OF FLORIDA ROTARY GAS ENGINE Application filed June 22,

This invention relates to an air cooled rotary motor, the general object of the invention being to provide a stationary cylindrical member carrying the inlet valves and reciprocating pistons, with means for introduce ing an explosive mixture into the member and a rotating casing of substantially oval shape and having opposing portions always in contact with the walls of the cylindrical members'o that its remaining portions form with the cylindrical"- member chambers of substantially crescent shape, with cam means forcausing the pistons or abutments to enter such chambers and divide the same into intake,compression, exhaust and firing portions during the rotation of the casing, with spark, plugs and exhaust means associated with the casing.

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction and in the a combination and arrangement of the several parts, to be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the appended claims;

In describing my invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the sev-' eral views, and in whicha Figure 1 is an elevation of the improved motor, with parts in section.

"Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. 1 i

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view. Figure 4 is a fragmentary side view showing the exhaust means. Figure 5 is a similar view showing the spark plugs.

of the blades for the pistons.

Figure 8 isa view of one of the packing plates arranged at eachend of each piston. I In these views, the numeral 1 indicates a. stationary hollow shaft which hasone end closed by a plug 2 and its other end is adapted to be connected witha'carbureter or other.

' supply of explosive mixture. The numeral -3 indicates the stator which is of circular or cylindrical shape and of hollow consti'uction Figures 6 and 7 are views showing a pair 1928. Serial No. 287,577.

tacting with parts of the stator. atalltimes v during'the rotation of the casing, with its end portions forming chambers between said portions and portions of the stator, these chambers being of substantially crescent shape. The casing is rotatably mounted on the shaft, anti-friction bearings 5 being placed between the bearing parts and packing means 6 being, arranged between the' bearing parts to prevent leakage of oil.- The casing comprises the end plates 7 which are formed with the strengthening ribs 8 and the substantially oval-shaped part 9 formed with the fins 10, with the inner and outer hollow cam plates 11 and 12 placed between the end plates and the memberlO, these parts being fastened together by the bolts 13. Each pair of the cam' platesforms a cam groove 14 and each cam plate is provided with an outwardly extending flange 15, the flanges of each pair of plates forming a cam track for the rollers of the pistons, as hereinafter to be described.

The flanges of the outer cam plates 12 form annular air chambers 16 through which air can enter through the ports 17 formed in the end plates and the flanges of the inner plates 11 forming annular oil chambers 18, one oil chamber being connected with a supply of oil by means of the pipe 19 which is con nected'with said chamber by the-port 20 and the other oil chamber is connected with the return oil pipe 21 by the port 22. As will" be seen, these oil pipes 19 and 21 are arranged in'the hollow shaft 1. Rings 23 are placed between the cam plates and the end plates and the member 10, these rings occupying grooves formed in the parts to provide tight joints between the parts. x

The stator 3 is formed with the radially arranged pockets 24 which extend longitudinally of the stator and pass through the ends thereof. A piston or sliding abutment 25 is arranged in each pocket and has the bearings 26 at its inner edge for the shaft 27, the ends of which pass through the grooves 14 and have the rollers 28 fastened thereto, these rollers engaging the cam tracks formed by the flanges of the cam plates. Thus the pistons will be reciprocated in the stator as the casing revolves, due to the rotary movement of the cam plates with the casing. These cam parts are so formed that the outer ends of the pistons will remain in contact with the interior walls of the casing and packing strips 31 are arranged in grooves in the side wallsof each piston and are pressed against the internal walls of the pocket by the springs 32 arranged in open lngs in the pistons. These packing strips and 31 prevent leakage between the sides of each piston and the walls of the pocket. A substantially L- shaped packing member 33 is placed at each end of each piston in slots formed in the piston end and these members are ressed outwardly against the cam plates 12 y the springs 34 placed in holes in thepiston end. A part of each member 33 engages a part of the lower edge of each piston and the major part of each member 33 engages a part of the end-of each piston, as is clearly shdwn in Figure 2. This major part is of forked construction, as shown in Figure 8, so that it will bridge the inwardly extending end portions of a longitudinally ex- "tending opening 35 formed in the outer ortion of each piston, this opening exten ing through the ends of the piston.

Substantially .L-shaped blades 36 are arranged in pairs in said opening, with the short arms extendinginto the inwardly e-x-' tending portions of. the opening and as shown in Figure 3, the short arm of each blade is of twice the thickness of the long arm so 5 that when the two blades are placed togcther, they will form a blade of substan tially channel shape and of the same thickness throughout. The blades are pressed outwardly against the internal walls of the casing by the plungers 37 and the springs 38 arranged in the pockets 39 formed in the pistons. The outer ends of the plungers are formed of concave shape to .receive portions of a rocker strip 40 which is of semi-circular shape in cross section with its flat face enwith the sides of the piston in the pocket' gaging the bottom of the blades 36. This arrangement will permit the blades to have individual movement and thus remain in contact with the internal walls of the casing during the rotation of the casing. The springs 38 and their plungers will act to force the. blades outwardly against the internal walls of the member 9 and plungers 41 and their springs 42 engage the short arms of the blades and tend to force the blades against the cam plates 12, these plungers and their springs being arranged in pockets 43 formed in the pistons. Thus the blades are tightly held against the walls of the casing.

A sectional packing ring 44 is arranged in 30 a groove at each end .of the stator, the sections of these rings abutting the walls of the pockets and they are pressed against the cam rings 12 by the springs 45 arranged in pockets formed in the ends of the\ stator. 35

These rings*44 prevent leakage between the stator and the cam plates.

One of the end plates is formed with'an extension 46 to which the member or element which is to be driven is connected so that thiselement will rotate with the casing. An annular exhaust chamber 47 is connected with the other end plate of the casin and this chamber has its outer part closed liy a cover plate 48 which is rotatably held in'place by the'inner and outer rings 49 and 50, which are bolted to the walls of the chamber and arms 51 connect the'ring 48 with a clampr52 which engages apart of the hollow shaft 1. Thus this ring 48 is stationary while the parts forming the chamber 47 rotate with the easing. A plurality of exhaust pipes 53 com- 1 municate with the chamber 47 and are connected with the ring 48. A ring-shaped exhaust manifold 54 is bolted to the end plate 5 which carries the chamber 47 and pi es 55 connect the manifold with .the chain er 47. A number of pipes 56 connect one portion of the casing through the member 9 with the exhaust manifold and a numberv of 11 spark plugs 57 is carried by the casing, the spark plugs being arranged adjacent a fiat side of the casing, with'the exhaust pipes 56 arranged almost opposite the plugs. As

shown in Figures 4 and 5, the plugs and ex- 1 haust pipes are arranged in longitudinally extending rows on the casing.

As shown in Figure 1, I' provide an oil pipe 58which delivers the oil to the ports 59 in the cover plate 48, these ports passing through the inner and outer edges of the plate so as to'lubricate the edges ofthe plate which are engaged by the rings 49 and 50.

As shown in Figure 3, the pockets divide the interior of the stator into a plurality of 1 25 chambers and the explosive mixture enters. these chambers through the ports 4 from the hollow pipe 1. A valve casing 60 is arranged in the stator adjacent each pocket, the casing opening out through the outer circumference 130.-

I of the stator and being in communication with the interior thereof through the port 61.. A valve cage 62 is held in each casing by the nut 63 and a spring pressed valve 64.- is carried by each cage, the spring 65 of which acts to hold the valve on its seat but permits the valve to open under the suction creatgiyby the revolving casing.

As shown in Figure 3, the stator, the casing and the pistons form an intake chamber I, an exhaust chamber E, a neutral chamber B, a

firin chamber F and a compression cham-' ber With the parts in the position shown in Figure 3 and with the casing rotating in an anti-clockwise direction, explosive mixture is being drawn into the chamber I through the valve from the interior of the stator, while the mixture in the chamber C is being compressed by the gradual restriction of said chamber due to the flattened part of the casing passing over the part of the stator and in order to provide spaces for the compressed mixture as the contacting part of the casing passes over that part of the stator inwhich the gas is being compressed, I form V-shaped recesses 66 in the exterior walls of the stator between each valve casing -57 as the flattened part passes beyon and the pocket in front of said casing and I also provide a chamber 67' between the two valve casings.

Thus as the flattened part of the casing passes over that part of the stator lying between two of the pistons, the explosive mix-. ture will be compressed into the rooves 66 and chamber 67 and this mixture will expand into the chamber containing the spark plugs the grooves 66 and the chamber 67. Then the charge is fired by the explosion, as shown at F in Figure 3, and the gases acting against the piston formin the rear wall of the firing chamber and the attened portion of the casing will give an impulse to the casing and thus cause it to revolve. The gas will 'continue to expand until one end of the casing.

comes over that part of the stator between the two pistons where the char e hasbeen fired and then when that containing the exhaust pipe 56 comes over said part of the stator, the gases will exhaust through the pipes 56 "into the manifold 54 and from the manifold the gases will pass through the pipes 55 into the chamber47 and escape from the chamber through the pipes;52. F

' From the foregoing it will be seen that a compressed mixture is fired each time the spark plug carrying part of the casing passes a piston so that a motor provided with five pistons, as shown in the drawings, will. have five impulses for every revolution of the casing so that a motor of great power is provided. In other words, during the rotation of the casing about the stator, a charge of explosive mixture will be drawn into the space part 0 the casingbetween the stator and casing and a pair of the pistons and then this mixture will be compressed, then the. compressed mixture will be firedand finally the exploded mixture will be exhausted.

The parts are oiled by the oil flowing through the inner parts of the pockets'and contacting with the various parts of the pistons and other; moving parts and the parts will be cooled by the air engagin the fins 10 and entering the chambers 16 through the ports 17. It is thought from the foregoing description that the advantages and novel features of my invention will be readily apparent.

It is to be understood that I may make changes in the construction and in the com-' ing a cylindrical stator of hollow construction, a casing enclosing the stator and revolv ing around the same, said casing-being of oval shape with its sides contacting the stator and its end portions spaced from the stator and forming therewith crescent-shaped chambers, radially arranged pockets in the stator dividing the interior thereof intochambers, a piston slidably arranged in each pocket, cam means carried by the casing for. reciprocating the pistons, means for introducing an explosive mixture into each chamber of the stator, valve means in each cham-. ber of the stator for controlling the passage of mixture from the said chamber into the crescent-shaped chambers, the valves being opened by the suction created in the crescent shaped chambers by the rotation of the easing, ignition means carried by the casingadj a'cent one flat side thereof and exhaust means carried by the casing adjacent the other flat side thereof. p Y

2. An internal combustion motor compris-. ing a cylindricalstator of'hollow construction, a-casing enclosing the stator and revolving around the same, said casing being of oval shape with its sides contacting the stator and its end portions spaced from the stator and forming therewith crescent-shaped chambers, radially arranged pockets in the stator dividing the interior thereof into crescent-shaped chambers, the valves being.

opened b the suction created in the crescent: shaped c ambers by the rotation of the cams; ing, ignition means carried by the casing adjacent one flat side thereof, exhaust means carried by the casing adjacent the other flat side thereof and recesses formed in the circumference, of the stator adjacent the valve.

3. An internal combustion motor comprising a hollow stationary shaft, a cylindrical stator fastened to the shaft, an oval-shaped casing enclosing the stator and rotatably supported on the shaft, said casing having its sides contacting thestator andlts end portions spaced therefrom to form crescentshaped chambers, a plurality of radially arranged pockets in the stator and dividing the interior thereof into a plurality of chambers, means for introducing explosive mixture into the said chambers, pistons slidably arranged in the pockets, cam means carried by the casing for reciprocating the pistons,

a valve casing arranged in front of each pocket and opening out through the stator.

and in communication with the interior thereof, an outwardly opening spring pressed valve in each casing, the stator having recesses therein adjacent each valve casing forming compression spaces for the explosive mixture passing by the valves, ignition means carried by the casing adjacent a side thereof and exhaust means carried by the casing adjacent' its other side. I

4. An internal combustion motor comprising a hollow stationary shaft, a cylindrical stator fastened to the shaft, an oval-shaped casing enclosing the stator and rotatably supported on the shaft, said casing having its sides contactin the stator and its end poitions spaced t erefrom to form crescentshaped chambers, a plurality of radially ar-' ranged pockets in the stator and dividin the interior thereof into a plurality of chambers, means for introducing explosive mixture into the said chambers, pistons slidably arranged in the pockets, cam means carried by the easing for reciprocating the pistons, a valve casing arranged in front of each pocket and opening out through thestatorand in communication with the interior thereof, an outwardly opening spring pressed valve in each casing, the stator having recesses therein adjacent each valve casing forming compression. spaces for the explosive mixture passing by the valves,'ignition means carried by the casing adjacent aside thereof, exhaust means carried by the casing adjacent its other side,

chambers, a plurality of radially arranged pockets in the stator and dividing the interior thereof into a plurality of chambers, means for introducing explosive mixture into the said chambers, pistons slidably arranged in the pockets, cam means carried by the casing for reciprocating the pistons a valve casing arranged in front of each poclret and opening out through the stator and in communication with the interior thereof, an outwardly opening spring pressed valve in each casing, the stator having recesses therein adjacent each valve casing forming compression'spaces for the explosive mixture passing by the valves, ignition means carried by the casing adjacent a side thereof, exhaust means carried by the casing adjacent its other side, an annular casing forming an exhaust chamber at one end of the main casing, means for connecting the same with the exhaust means, a cover plate for the exhaust chamber, means for supporting the same in a stationary manner from the hollow shaft, means for rotatably connecting ,means at the ends of the casing for reciprocating the pistons, valve casings carried by the stator and opening-out through the circumference of thesame and being in communication with the chambers therein, outwardly opening spring pressed valves in said casings, a number of the casings and valves being arranged in front of each pocket, chambers in the stator and opening out through the circumference thereof adjacent the valves, said stator having grooves in its circumfer ence adjacent the valves spring actuated means for forming tight joints between the pistons and the walls of the pockets and betweenthe outer portions of the pistons and the walls of the casing, ignition means adjacent one side of'the casing and exhaust means adjacent the other side thereof.

7. An internal combustion motor comprising a hollow shaft having one end closed and its other end adapted to be connected with a source of explosive mixture, a cylindrical stator of hollow construction connected with the shaft, an oval-shaped casing enclosing the stator and rotatably mounted on the shaft, radially arranged ockets in the stator, the walls of which divi e the interior thereof into chambers, means for placing the chambers in communication with the hollow shaft, pistons slidably arranged in the pockets, cam means at the ends of the casing for reciprocating the pistons, valve casings carried by the stator and opening out through the circumference of the same and being in communication with the chambers therein, outwardly opening spring ressed valves in said casings, a number of t e casings and valves being arranged in front of each pocket, chambers in the stator and opening out through the circumference thereof adjacent the valves, said stator having grooves in its circumference adjacent the valves, spring actuated means for forming tight joints between the pistons and the walls of the pockets and between the outer portions of the pistons and the walls of the casing, ignition means adjacent one side of the casing, exhaust means adjacent the other side thereof, air chambers formed in the ends of the casing and in communication with the atmosphere and fins on exterior portions of the casing.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ALEXANDER BLAOKMAN. 

